Anchoring on Reality: Breaking the Pseudo-Target Ceiling in Makeup Transfer

Bo Wei1, Xianhui Lin2†, Yi Dong2
Zhongzhong Li2, Zonghui Li2, Zirui Wang2, Jiachen Yang2
Xing Liu2, Hong Gu2, Xiaoming Li3, Wangmeng Zuo1*
1Harbin Institute of Technology 2BlueImage Lab, vivo Mobile Communication Co., Ltd 3Nanjing University
† Project leader    * Corresponding author

High-Fidelity Makeup Transfer at 2K Resolution

Our framework enables high-fidelity makeup transfer at up to 2K resolution. ART faithfully transfers complex artistic styles and high-frequency cosmetic details while strictly preserving the original source identity and underlying facial geometry.

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How We Compare Against Prior Work

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What is ART?

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Existing makeup transfer methods rely on pseudo-target supervision generated by a teacher model, creating a performance ceiling bounded by the teacher's quality. We propose ART (Anchoring on Reality), a two-stage framework that breaks this ceiling by anchoring a refinement cycle directly to real reference images, effectively overriding pseudo-target artifacts.

To support high-fidelity evaluation, we introduce MakeupFaces2K (MF2K), the first 2K-resolution in-the-wild makeup dataset with 8,573 images spanning diverse styles and demographics.

Comprehensive experiments demonstrate state-of-the-art visual fidelity with faithful identity preservation across varying makeup intensities, even under heavy occlusions, extreme expressions, and cross-ethnicity scenarios.


The ART Pipeline

ART method pipeline
1Reality-Anchored Refinement: By anchoring a refinement cycle to the real reference, our model effectively overrides pseudo-target artifacts while stabilizing training via a controlled-noise bottleneck.
22K-Resolution In-the-Wild Makeup Dataset: We introduce MakeupFaces2K (MF2K), the first 2K-resolution makeup portrait dataset featuring 8,573 images across diverse makeup intensities and underrepresented demographics.
3State-of-the-Art Performance: Our method achieves superior visual fidelity and consistently preserves fine-grained details and source identity, even under occlusions and extreme expressions.

The First 2K Makeup Portrait Dataset

MF2K Dataset Overview

To facilitate research in high-fidelity synthesis, we introduce MakeupFaces2K (MF2K), the first 2K-resolution in-the-wild makeup dataset comprising 8,573 images at 2048×2048 resolution. MF2K covers diverse makeup intensities including bare skin (3,139), light makeup (2,063), heavy makeup (1,798), and artistic styles (1,573), and improves coverage of male portraits and complex high-frequency patterns.

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Cite This Work

@article{wei2026art,
  title={Anchoring on Reality: Breaking the Pseudo-Target Ceiling in Makeup Transfer},
  author={Wei, Bo and Lin, Xianhui and Dong, Yi and Li, Zhongzhong and Li, Zonghui and Wang, Zirui and Yang, Jiachen and Liu, Xing and Gu, Hong and Li, Xiaoming and Zuo, Wangmeng},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2606.31089},
  year={2026}
}